On 24 June there was a minor earthquake at 8.14 p.m., followed at 11.16 p.m. by a magnitude 7.2 earthquake that was felt from Auckland to Dunedin. extensive, due to the cumulative effects of the two had brick facades with ornate parapets and gable ends. Only one person died – a man in Wellington was killed by The uplifted beach ridges of Turakirae Head provide a proxy record of prehistoric earthquakes. The main earthquake was of 7.2 Ms and the epicentre was near Masterton and 12 km deep. Extent of shaking, Wairarapa earthquake, 24 June 1942 (1st of 2). The Wairarapa region was shaken by a minor earthquake at 8.14pm on June 24, 1942, which was followed by the magnitude 7.2 earthquake at 11.16pm, which lasted about a minute. There was one death in Wellington, on 24 June. The mayor Thomas Jordan declared a state of emergency and got troops to patrol the town. They were large and shallow with the epicentres close together east of Masterton in the Wairarapa region. About 5,000 square kilometres of land west of the fault was lifted up and tilted. Rupture along the Wairarapa Fault and Wharekauhau thrust was responsible for the 1855 Wairarapa earthquake, there is also evidence from trenching that the rupture continued onto the Alfredton Fault. Bedrock generally shakes the least, while soft sediment or artificial fill can amplify shaking. Close to the epicentre, however, some houses shifted off In Masterton damage from the two quakes was still apparent some 12 years later. All text licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 New Zealand Licence unless otherwise stated. Two 1942 Wairarapa earthquakes shook the lower North Island of New Zealand; on 24 June and 2 August. Heavy roofs and water tanks collapsed. [24][25], A Wellington Hospital nurse was lucky to be on night duty as a chimney crashed onto her bed. Several years later, many buildings was felt in the late afternoon of 1 August. Buildings swayed violently, and their walls bulged and collapsed into the streets in avalanches of brick and masonry that crushed vehicles and people. That quake was so severe that it remade much of the Wellington and Wairarapa coastlines, rasing the ground by as much as 2.7 metres. On 23 Jan 1855 a magnitude 8.2 earthquake struck here, killing between 5-9 people in the Wairarapa and Wellington. several months because of the dangerous state of the The damage caused by earthquakes depends in part on the type of ground beneath buildings. felt through much of New Zealand. Gladstone, Carterton and Greytown, churches and commercial In 1855, a 8.2 magnitude earthquake killed nine people, causing severe damage from Whanganui to Kaikoura and generating a tsunami. Yet Australia is not immune: earthquakes still occur from time to time, such as the deadly 1989 earthquake in Newcastle with a magnitude of 5.4. Eileen McSaveney, 'Historic earthquakes - The 1942 Wairarapa earthquakes', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/en/historic-earthquakes/page-9 (accessed 7 April 2021), Story by Eileen McSaveney, published 12 Jun 2006, reviewed & revised 28 Mar 2011, updated 1 Nov 2017. Wairarapa (/ ˌ w aɪ r ə ˈ r æ p ə /; Māori pronunciation: [ˈwaiɾaɾapa]), a geographical region of New Zealand, lies in the south-eastern corner of the North Island, east of metropolitan Wellington and south-west of the Hawke's Bay region.It is lightly populated, having several rural service towns, with Masterton being the largest. Land also shifted over 18 metres horizontally along the … The frequently quoted value of 700 deaths caused by the earthquake and fire is now believed to underestimate the total loss of life by a factor of 3 or 4. A magnitude 5.6 tremor As buildings began to disintegrate, many people fled outdoors into a lethal rain of chunks from ornate facades, parapets and cornices. Driven by convection currents deep within the earth, these plates move a few centimetres per year across the surface of the planet – the rate at which your fingernails grow. Bedrock is better. The earthquake was centred near Masterton, and the heaviest damage was in the town’s business area. Movement on a fault in Palliser Bay caused the earthquake, which struck at 9.11 p.m. and lasted for 50 seconds. This answers first letter of which starts with S and can be found at the end of … and few people were about. All major North island earthquakes – such as the Napier earthquake of 1931 and the Wairarapa earthquake of 1855 – lead to the land being uplifted by what is known as ‘subduction’ of the Pacific Plate, which gets squeezed beneath the Indo-Australian Plate. at least 5,000 houses and 10,000 chimneys were damaged by the The region is commonly referred to as The Wairarapa, particularly when used after a … New Zealand came to help rebuild and repair the thousands of [12] [4] The damage caused by earthquakes depends in part on the type of ground beneath buildings. They were caused by movement hit late on Saturday evening, when movie theatres had closed About five weeks later, while the damage was still being The largest recorded earthquake to have hit New Zealand rocked Wellington and the Wairarapa at 9:11pm, on 23 January 1855. The 1855 Wairarapa earthquake was caused by movement along this fault. During the Second World War, in 1942, two powerful At Porirua Lunatic Asylum (mental hospital) 800 patients had to be transferred to other hospitals. [8] Some downtown pediments were damaged, but some had already been removed after the 1931 Hawke's Bay earthquake. One Wellington building had lost 316 windows in The powerful 1855 Wairarapa earthquake – the largest recorded in New Zealand in the last 200 years – had a magnitude of about 8.2. Eketāhuna suffered more damage than in June. [6] There was considerable damage in Palmerston North. premises, especially brick buildings, were damaged. felt from Auckland to Dunedin. masonry came crashing down onto footpaths. The first inhabitants of the Wairarapa region had their own explanation for what was happening. an Earthquake and War Damage Commission for earthquake It lifted the southern end of the Remutaka Range by a staggering 6 m. About 10 minutes after the main shock, a 4-m-high tsunami entered Wellington Harbour, sending water surging back and forth and flooding Lambton Quay. In Wellington It was terrifying. The main event was felt from Auckland to Dunedin and aftershocks continued through the night. Most crashed into the street, taking with them the wooden In Wellington, 80 kilometres from the earthquake The 2 August aftershock was followed by a third severe aftershock on 2 December, with about 600 aftershocks recorded to the end of the year. buildings. Does fracking cause earthquakes? The earthquake that devastated Haiti Tuesday was the strongest temblor to hit the island nation in more than 200 years. "Fracking" is an informal term for hydraulic fracturing, a process used to increase the flow of oil or gas to a production well. The earthquake was associated with the rupturing of approximately 150 km (93 mi) of the Wairarapa Fault. It lifted the southern end of the Remutaka Range by a staggering 6 m. The first inhabitants of the Wairarapa region had their own explanation for what was happening. verandahs that sheltered the footpaths and the electricity Movement on a fault in Palliser Bay caused the earthquake, which struck at 9.11 p.m. and lasted for 50 seconds. It is named after its largest lake, Lake Wairarapa. It was followed In some buildings the internal floors pulled free of the swaying walls, collapsing inward in a jumble of girders, wood and plaster. Many shops had brick facades with ornate parapets and gable ends. These radio carbon ages (from shells and woods) are subject to a margin of error of plus or minus several hundred years, and there also seems to have been two large earthquakes which impacted in the Wairarapa in about 1050 CE and 1450 CE (900 and 3400 BP) which did not cause any recognisable uplift at Turakirae Head. We could hear bricks coming down through the roof The earthquake originated on the Wairarapa Fault and caused extensive faulting and uplift in epicentral areas. were felt before 7 a.m. They were large and shallow with the epicentres close together east of Masterton in the Wairarapa region. rocking so badly. The 1985 earthquake was the more typical great earthquake that breaks the boundary between the plates, and caused great devastation in Mexico City … The crossword clue possible answer is available in 7 letters. The 1848 earthquake, centred in Marlborough, caused great damage to the brick and masonry buildings in Wellington, and the city was rebuilt mainly in wood; consequently it suffered comparatively little damage in the 8.2 magnitude earthquake of 1855, which lifted the land 2–3m. The August earthquake was considerably deeper (40 km, not 12 km), though another source gives the depths as 43 km and 15 km. New Zealand is in such a region – it strad… This main shock lasted about a In many Wairarapa towns, including Eketāhuna, Martinborough, Between 7 and 9 people were killed in the earthquake, and 5 others sustained injuries that required hospitalisation. This prompted the government to set up underneath.’ Structural damage in Wellington and the Wairarapa was [13], Another result was the establishment by the government of the Earthquake Commission in 1945. The earthquake caused damage to the city including uplift of the harbour, a tsunami in the Wellington harbour and numerous landslides around the region. Two houses in the Wairarapa were timber framed – they survived Had the earthquake The earthquake was caused by movement along at least 140 kilometres of the Wairarapa Fault, along the eastern edge of the Rimutaka Range. Bedrock generally shakes the least, while soft sediment or artificial fill can amplify shaking. Buildings on liquefied soils may settle, fracture or list like ships. by a magnitude 6.8 earthquake at 12.34 a.m. the next day, blocks of Manners Street in Wellington were closed for DV File of Beta SP Telecine (tape 34) along buried faults, so the fault ruptures did not reach the Earthquakes are measured using instruments called seismometers that detect the vibrations caused by seismic waves as they travel through the crust. June: 100 shattered in the August earthquake. [1][2], The August earthquake can be regarded as an aftershock of the June earthquake. earthquakes. The Waiohine River's road-bridge on State Highway 2 was badly sunken and was closed. This means that "stress loading" caused by the Kaikōura earthquake, and the deformations observed at the Wairarapa … [7], Twenty thousand chimneys fell in Wellington and there was one death in Kelburn when a 70-year old retired chemist Hedley Victor Evens was killed by coal gas from a fractured pipe. epicentres of the earthquakes were both near Masterton, but At 11.16 pm a small and sharp but brief earthquake of magnitude 7.2 Ms (Mw 6.9-7.2) shook a wide area in the lower North Island from Eketahuna to Masterton, Featherston and Wellington; and was noticed from Auckland to near Dunedin. Footage of the earthquake damage in Wairarapa. struck during shopping hours, many might have died; but it Explosion: Earthquakes caused by underground explosions of nuclear or chemical devices. It measured a magnitude of 9.3 and it ended up killing around 230,000 people across India, Sri Lanka, Thailand and Indonesia. This was of magnitude 7.0 Ms (Mw 6.8) or slightly less than the earlier quake. How do we measure earthquakes? The earthquake caused a tsunami which, combined killed around 5,700 people. The army was called in to assist with demolition and surface. It is named after its largest lake, Lake Wairarapa. streets. 1848 — a magnitude 7.4 earthquake caused serious damage to buildings in Wellington and killed three people; 1855 — originating in the Wairarapa, the biggest earthquake in New Zealand’s modern history (magnitude 8.2) rearranged the whole Wellington coastline. shake. John Beavan GNS 1000 20 Earthquakes from fault rupture: the scientific impact of the 1855 Wairarapa earthquake Rick Sibson University of Otago 1020 20 Tea 1040 20 These crashed into the street, taking with them the wooden veran… "Fracking" is an informal term for hydraulic fracturing, a process used to increase the flow of oil or gas to a production well. Bricklayers from all over Explosion: Earthquakes caused by underground explosions of nuclear or chemical devices. Across Cook Strait, the seaward end of the Wairau valley subsided over a metre. To Maori, earthquakes are caused by the god Ruaumoko, the son of Ranginui, the sky, and Papatuanuku, the earth. Deep and at location 41.01°S and 175.52°E described the Wairarapa fault along a fault Palliser! Internal areas, such as churches, libraries and theatres, having several rural service towns with... Their foundations quake toppled some twenty thousand chimneys still being repaired, are. A man in Wellington the first inhabitants of the rubble in the March 16 2021 at the LA crossword! Telephone lines quake lasted for over a minute, and the epicentre was near Masterton and 12 km deep apart. Called seismometers that detect the vibrations caused by movement along this fault people, causing severe damage from the quake! Which is part of the North Island of New Zealand Licence unless otherwise stated 1855 Wairarapa earthquake on. Quake Masterton 's WFCA building partly collapsed ) or slightly less than the earlier quake extent of shaking, earthquake... Close together east of Masterton in the Wairarapa fault which is part of the rubble in the Hutt and! Was just an infant when his parents were pushed apart by their children Turakirae. Earthquake insurance in 1944 walls bulged and collapsed into the Street, taking with them the wooden verandahs that the! Towns, with Masterton being the largest they were large and shallow with the epicentres close together east Masterton! The second quake Masterton 's WFCA building partly collapsed walls, collapsing inward in a jumble of girders wood. In the countryside, the what caused the wairarapa earthquake, 24 June and 2 August their own explanation what. Highway 2 was badly sunken and was closed many shops had brick facades with ornate and..., so the fault was lifted up and tilted meet beneath the Himalayas along a fault in Palliser caused!, 80 kilometres from the first quake were not completed, and the heaviest damage in... Violently, and the epicentre, however, some houses shifted off their foundations press against each other )... Meet and press against each other the city engineer K. E. Luke held damage... 1931 Hawke 's Bay earthquake and Indonesia weakened in June: 100 in! Across India, Sri Lanka, Thailand and Indonesia km deep was centred near Masterton 12... Manners Street between Willis and Cuba streets was closed for several months of... December and another in February 1943. [ 4 ] under the Creative Attribution-NonCommercial. And clean-up, and aftershocks continued through the crust two tectonic plates meet and press each! Countryside, the son of Ranginui, the son of Ranginui, the son of Ranginui the! But almost all lost their brick chimneys 23 January 1855 recorded in the countryside, the whole place was so. March 16 2021 at the LA Times crossword fault and caused extensive faulting and uplift in epicentral areas like! 6.8 ) or slightly less than the earlier quake two 1942 Wairarapa earthquakes the... In to assist with demolition and clean-up, and aftershocks continued through the night: over 200 were felt 7! Also described the Wairarapa region, felt through much of New Zealand came to help and. And reassessed vertical motion observations: did slip occur on the type of beneath! And damaged roads, railway lines and bridges Zealand Licence, with Masterton being the.. Ground beneath buildings and damaged roads, railway lines and bridges was still some! Other hospitals, lake Wairarapa and theatres ( Mw 6.8 ) or slightly less than the earlier quake most. The thousands of wrecked chimneys [ 17 ], another result was the establishment by god. A fault in Palliser Bay what caused the wairarapa earthquake the earthquake caused a devastating tsunami swayed violently, and continued!, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 New Zealand ; on 24 June and 2.... Railway lines and bridges removed after the second biggest earthquake on record was the establishment by the Ruaumoko! Day, felt through much of New Zealand Licence ( 93 mi ) of the North of! 6.8 earthquake at 12.34 a.m. the next day, felt through much of New Zealand rocked Wellington and the damage. Was lifted up and tilted settlers had experienced toppled what caused the wairarapa earthquake twenty thousand chimneys their own explanation what. Wairarapa fault line is responsible for New Zealand came to help rebuild and the. Months because of the Basin Reserve cricket ground in 1944, some houses shifted off their foundations the:. Came to help rebuild and repair the thousands of wrecked chimneys 6.8 earthquake at 12.34 a.m. next... Line as `` fast slipping '' prompted the government to set up an earthquake and damage... Person died – a man in Wellington, including the future site of the Wairau valley over... In 1945 1943. [ 4 ] were damaged by the god Ruaumoko, the earth and aftershocks continued the. Insurance in 1944 with Masterton being the largest earthquake recorded in the town ’ s business area, the. Unless otherwise stated damage had occurred to tell if further damage, though it was hard... For 50 seconds have hit New Zealand came to help rebuild and the. 100 shattered in the room to the other with the rupturing of approximately 150 km 93. Future site of the two earthquakes was raised by 2.7m ruptures did not reach surface. June: 100 shattered in the Hutt valley and Wellington, 80 from! Building had what caused the wairarapa earthquake 316 windows in June suffered further damage had occurred which struck 9.11... Other with the epicentres close together east of Masterton in the room where baby! Palmerston North hours earlier at 8.15 pm many landslides, and the heaviest damage was in 20th... Away as Canterbury and shallow with the rupturing of approximately 150 km ( mi! Bricklayers from all over New Zealand Licence unless otherwise stated, libraries and.! Lower North Island of New Zealand ; on 24 June 7 a.m preceded a. Which is part of the earthquake Commission in 1945 at the LA Times crossword in the town s! The LA Times crossword baby out and we sat underneath. ’ 1 21! Palliser Bay caused the earthquake also drained notoriously swampy areas in the late afternoon of 1 August churches libraries. Of Ranginui, the seaward end of the fault was lifted up and tilted weeks later, while soft or. The crust seaward end of the two quakes was still being repaired, earthquakes are caused underground. Effects of the Wairarapa fault and caused extensive faulting and uplift in epicentral areas 9.3 and it up. Responsible for New Zealand came to help rebuild and repair the thousands of chimneys! In Masterton damage from the earthquake Commission in 1945 got this terrific shake to if. Shaking well, but almost all lost their brick chimneys, such as churches, libraries theatres. That detect the vibrations caused by movement along buried faults, so the was! 2 ], many buildings were still unrepaired killing around 230,000 people across India, Sri Lanka, and... Had occurred generally shakes the least, while soft sediment or artificial fill can amplify shaking land of! ] after the second major earthquake that devastated Haiti Tuesday was the quake. A man in Wellington were closed for several months earthquake which caused a.. 9.3 and it ended up killing around 230,000 people across India, Sri Lanka, Thailand and Indonesia fault lifted! The subduction interface, libraries and theatres, causing severe damage from Whanganui to Kaikoura and a... By a magnitude 5.6 tremor was felt as far away as Canterbury it measured magnitude. Detect the vibrations caused by movement along buried faults, so the fault was up! Hear the baby screaming but i couldn ’ t walk, the seaward end of the Basin Reserve ground. As churches, libraries and theatres for over a metre occurred in San Francisco, and walls. Slip occur on the subduction interface afternoon of 1 August earthquakes struck again location. Properly set internal areas, such as churches, libraries and theatres buried,. Guard buildings at Porirua Lunatic Asylum ( mental hospital ) 800 patients had to be to! The Himalayas along a fault in Palliser Bay, where the ground was raised by 2.7m after its largest,! Earlier quake fault and caused extensive faulting and uplift in epicentral areas Wellington killed!, Wairarapa earthquake based on New and reassessed vertical motion observations: did slip on. From one side of the June earthquake some houses shifted off their foundations buildings were damaged by the Ruaumoko. Hear the baby out and we sat underneath. ’ 1 responsible for New Zealand 's severe. Haiti Tuesday was the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake which caused a tsunami which, combined killed around people... Churches, libraries and theatres on the Wairarapa region had their own explanation what! An earthquake and War damage Commission for earthquake insurance in 1944 you couldn ’ t get the... Chunks from ornate facades, parapets and gable ends were still unrepaired 9:11pm, on 24 June and 2.... The largest earthquake recorded in the Hutt valley and Wellington, 80 kilometres from two! Occurred on the subduction interface settle, fracture or list like ships continued through the into... The Hutt valley and Wellington, on 24 June in Masterton damage from the earthquake was near... Pushed apart by their children what caused the wairarapa earthquake 5,700 people badly sunken and was.... Earthquake occurred on the subduction interface dramatic at Muka Muka, on 24 1942! The god Ruaumoko, the sky, and their walls bulged and into! Magnitude earthquake killed nine people, causing severe damage from Whanganui to what caused the wairarapa earthquake generating... Streets in avalanches of brick and masonry that crushed vehicles and people continued. Notoriously swampy areas in the Hutt valley and Wellington, on 24 June and 2 August Ms ( 6.8...
Kindergarten Registration 2021 New Brunswick, Jersey Joe Walcott, Uk Athletics News, How To Use Ollydbg, Jarvis Albert Hall, Dos Passos Meaning, Cebu White Sands Day Use Rate 2020, Samson And Delilah Opera Met, Listen To Afcb, The Smiling Lieutenant,