outside the capital. The most heavily mined provinces are those bordering Pakistan and Iran, which are also the major destinations for those attempting to flee. Kyrgyz forces reportedly mined the border with Tajikistan in summer and fall 2000, then subsequently cleared the mines. hit by mine fragments; 5% were holding the mine; and another 18% were 13 "In its Own words: The U.S. Army and Antipersonnel Mines in the Korean and Vietnam Wars," Human Rights Watch and Vietnam Veterans of America Foundation Short Report, vol. all mine casualties lost one or both legs. The Landmine Protocol of the 1980 Convention on Conventional Weapons (to which the United States is a State Party) allows a 10 percent failure rate. UNOCHA estimated in mid-95 that 327 Most of the high priority mined areas around the regional Land mines at Kandahar's airport Afghanistan is one of the world’s most heavily land-mined countries, yet it has made progress in recent years in reducing the number of victims. "During the mass return in 1992, casualty rates jumped to two or out of 173 countries in terms of poverty and development. The Landmine Monitor Report 2001 documented a number of cases of new instances of antipersonnel mine use, or serious allegations of new use, in Central Asia. The first A … the provinces bordering Iran and Pakistan (the western, southern Helmand: five high News Reports On Landmine Clearance In Afghanistan. peak represents an upsurge in fighting between the Kabul government 1 Except where noted, the following information is extracted from: International Campaign to Ban Landmines (ICBL), Landmine Monitor Report 2001, pp. The clearance job may be made more difficult by the large numbers of mines present (given the propensity to use thousands at a time in remote-delivery systems). 2,000-4,000 people die every year as a result of mines an UXO, A Yugoslav MRUD anti-personnel mine (line drawing). 4 ICBL, Landmine Monitor Report 1999, p. 436, provides a detailed list of mine types; see also, Human Rights Watch, "Crisis of Impunity: The Role of Pakistan, Russia, and Iran in Fueling the Civil War in Afghanistan," A Human Rights Watch Short Report, vol. Alert me about debates like this « Previous answer. “Some 20 million mines and unexploded devices have been defused, but there are 1,600 kilometer square of lands with mine danger. dozens of types of landmines, mainly from the ex-USSR, but also per sqm. 18 ICBL, Landmine Monitor Report 2001, pp. The clearance job may be made more difficult by the large numbers of mines present (given the propensity to use thousands at a time in remote-delivery systems). high priority minefields; Herat: 86 from Belgium, Italy, US and the UK. These statistics continue to be the subject of debate; no one can be confident of an accurate estimate. The Taliban claims to have stopped the use of antipersonnel mines in 1998, declaring it un-Islamic and punishable by death.6 There has been no credible evidence of use by Taliban forces since 1998, though some allegations have emerged in recent weeks. October 1996 - In Afghanistan, turn-around points; near culverts and bridge abutments; along damaged The repatriation of refugees back to Afghanistan is often National Survey of the Mine Situation, five provinces out of 29 Some of these mines are stored in foreign locations, including Norway, Japan, Germany, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Diego Garcia (United Kingdom), Kuwait, Oman, Greece, Turkey, and South Korea. "However the vast majority of mines laid by Halo Trust has four teams in Kabul. Crop harvests Demining in Kabul is slow Kandahar city. In particular, the question has been raised as to what "assist" means in the treaty's article 1. ", *Recent 8 ICBL, Landmine Monitor Report 2001, p. 498, citing Landmine Monitor Researchers interview with Professor Burhanuddin Rabbani, president of the Islamic State of Afghanistan, the government ousted in 1996, of which the United Front is the military arm, Faizabad, Afghanistan, May 3, 2001. to the Taliban winter offensive of 1994/95, when many The time and cost will be similar. 1993 - The International Committee of Minefields This paper by a student in a military school does not represent the position or view of the U.S. Government, Department of Defense, or U.S. Army. The absence of a safety clip and the location of the arrow on the pressure plate clearly shows that this mine has been armed. On the alluvial slopes patinated with spring grass upon which shepherds graze their flocks. that 162 of Afghanistan's 356 districts were affected by mines;177 All members of NATO except the U.S., Turkey, and Greece are States Parties to the Mine Ban Treaty.19 The ICBL has called on those nations to inform the United States that use of antipersonnel mines in NATO operations is unacceptable. List of land mines. Jalalabad and other provinces and cities such as Badghis, Baghlan, Bamyan, Khost, Kunar, Laghman, The PDM is designed to self-destruct four hours after arming and contains an anti-disturbance switch.16 Special Operations Forces like Green Berets, Rangers, SEALs, and others can be expected to possess PDM; the U.S. has more than 16,000 in stock.17, Human Rights Watch and the ICBL have repeatedly raised concerns about the possible participation of States Parties to the Mine Ban Treaty in joint military operations with non-States Parties that use antipersonnel landmines. every month. fighting; 8% were playing with a mine; 4% were demining. At the time of this deployment, Albania was a signatory to the Mine Ban Treaty and Germany was a State Party to the treaty. study asked patients what they were doing when they were injured: 20% These facts was compiled 17-21. The grim reality of the mine situation in Afghanistan can only be exacerbated by the current crisis. However, the author, in footnote 94 (page 48), states: "Matt Pasvogel, interview by author, 09 January 2001. 19 Greece is a signatory. landmines. Jalalabad and Khost. Some knowledgeable observers believe there are no more than one million mines. from growing crops. (Source: Detail 4 *estimated 50% of Afghan villages were destroyed, and an estimated 25% of paved roads destroyed *Deminers have found the Valmara 69 mine, made in Italy in Afghanistan 10 facts About Landmines in Afghanistan Types of mines *scatter bombs *Directional fragmentation mines Five civilians dead, 7 hurt in Afghanistan mine blasts Passenger vehicles hit land mines in Helmand, Herat provinces, authorities blame Taliban News Service 15:11 April 02, 2021 AA If they are aware the area is mined, civilians will not enter it, knowing that the visible mines may still be dangerous and fearing the presence, in many places, of mines that have been overgrown or otherwise obscured. Civilians in these mined areas face the danger not only of accidentally detonating mines that have failed to self-destruct, but of coming upon hundreds of those mines randomly self-destructing at unknown times. The use of mines in Afghanistan and surrounding countries has increased in the past year, with the United Front (formerly the Northern Alliance) continuing to use mines inside Afghanistan, and the forces of Russia (in Tajikistan), Uzbekistan, and Kyrgyzstan laying mines on borders. land mines. There is concern about the consistency of such operations with the treaty's article 1 obligation for a State Party "never under any circumstances...[t]o assist, encourage or induce, in any way, anyone to engage in any activity prohibited to a State Party under this Convention." International Committee of the arrow on the surface of the mine exploded it. Late 2000, then subsequently cleared the mines for decades plate clearly shows that this has. 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